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Prediabetes

Prediabetes is a health condition where blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as Type 2 diabetes. It is a warning sign that the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar is impaired and increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.

Blood Sugar Levels:

    • Fasting blood sugar: 100-125 mg/dL
    • Hemoglobin A1c: 5.7%-6.4%
    • Oral glucose tolerance test: 140-199 mg/dL
  • Risk Factors:
     
      • Overweight or obesity
      • Sedentary lifestyle
      • Family history of diabetes
      • Age (45 years and older)
      • Ethnicity (higher risk in African American, Hispanic, and Asian American populations)
      • History of gestational diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
 
Symptoms
  • Often asymptomatic, but some people may experience symptoms similar to diabetes, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue.

Prevention and Management:

    • Lifestyle Changes: Adopting a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and losing weight can significantly reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
    • Regular Monitoring: Regular blood sugar monitoring can help track progress and make necessary adjustments to prevent progression to Type 2 diabetes.
    • Medical Intervention: In some cases, medications such as metformin may be prescribed to help lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.

Reversal and Remission:

  • Reversal: Prediabetes can often be reversed with lifestyle changes, meaning that blood sugar levels return to normal ranges and remain stable without medication.
  • Ongoing Management: Even if blood sugar levels improve, ongoing lifestyle changes are crucial to maintaining health and preventing the development of Type 2 diabetes.

 

Managing prediabetes effectively can prevent or delay the onset of Type 2 diabetes and improve overall health.